The River Basin Game is an effective simple-to-operate common-pool game using glass marbles and a sloping table or board. It promotes mutual understanding of different people’s...

Over recent years, there has been increasing awareness that local knowledge and practices should be recognised in developing initiatives aimed at sustaining and improving the...

Agri-food systems are complex webs of people, organisations, technologies and rules. In such complexity, it is essential to identify entry points for innovation that are...

Photo safari emerged from Farmer-led Documentation (e.g. Rüter & Piepenstock, 2006, Prolinnova) as a reaction to often observed extractive documentation where outsiders are...

Diversity field fora and seed fairs are a way of valuing farmers’ contributions to conservation and development of crop genetic diversity. A fora or fair is an exchange of...

The LINK Methodology aims to promote the engagement of small holder producers with modern markets by guiding a multi-stakeholder process of shaping or upgrading inclusive...

Participatory 3D Maps are scaled landscapes generated by communities to illustrate their perception of what is on the ground around them. The maps are generated by multiple...

A rights-based approach to development is now promoted by many development agencies and non-governmental organizations to achieve a positive transformation of power relations...

Participatory extension is a learning approach for strengthening individual and organizational capacities of rural people and their livelihoods to enable them to better cope...

Participatory variety analysis is an approach to provide choices of varieties to farmers for increasing production within the constraints of their socioeconomic and...

Polyscape is an ecosystem service mapping approach that uses both local and expert knowledge to generate a representation of local landscape structure showing areas of potential...

Farmer Field Schools The Farmer Field School approach allows farmers to learn about alternative crop and livestock management practices and technologies with the aim of...

Drama and role plays by community members are used to enable people to communicate to different partners their perceptions of current situations versus desired changes. May...

Wat-A-Game is a useful tool for bringing together a diverse group of stakeholders to play with scenarios. Because scenario building is presented in the context of a game,...

ComMod is a variation of mutli-agent systems modelling. The main principle of the companion modeling (ComMod) approach is to develop simulation models integrating various...

Most Significant Change (MSC) is a potentially useful evaluation tool given its simplicity and its use of storytelling to communicate experiences of change, and the who, why,...

Basic principles: Scientific knowledge cannot replace existing knowledge or situation, it only “betters” it. Thus we are ‘bettering’ agents not change agents. The plug-in...